As summer begins and the temperature turns up in Western North Carolina, Mercy Urgent Care urges you to keep your cool, whether you’re hard at work in the sunshine or floating down the French Broad River. Here are some tips to beat the heat and symptoms to look out for if you think you might have a heat-related illness.
Beat the heat
Keeping cool when temperatures reach record highs isn’t just about comfort. Dangerously high temperatures can result in heat-related illnesses ranging from heat exhaustion to heat stroke. The following tips can help you keep cool all summer long.
- Hydrate. Drink plenty of water, ideally two to three liters a day, even if you do not feel thirsty. Avoid caffeine, sugary drinks and alcohol—these drinks speed up the heart rate, elevate blood pressure and cause the body to dehydrate quicker.
- Adjust your diet. Eat smaller meals and choose foods that have a high-water content, such as watermelon, bell peppers, fruits, cucumbers, and greens. Spicy foods can also help keep you cool as they encourage your body to sweat.
- Change your schedule. Stay out of the sun during the hottest part of the day, usually 11a to 2p. Plan outdoor exercise and work for cooler times such as the early morning or late evening.
- Dress for the weather. Wear light, breathable clothing in fabrics like cotton or linen, and avoid synthetic fabrics. Long-sleeve shirts, long pants, and hats will help protect you from the sun’s rays, but still remember to apply your sunscreen!
Know the symptoms
When the body begins to overheat, it sends out signals to let you know. Early symptoms of heat-related illnesses include fatigue, heavy sweating, headache, dizziness, nausea and a high pulse rate. Patients may begin to feel faint or weak, develop muscle cramps and notice clamminess of the skin.
As heat-related illnesses progresses, an individual may begin to experience life-threatening symptoms, such as a high body temperature, confusion, convulsions or fainting. Due to severe dehydration, patients may also have red, hot and dry skin.
Heat-Related Illness | Symptoms and Signs |
Heat stroke | • Confusion • Slurred speech • Unconsciousness • Seizures •Heavy sweating, or hot, dry skin • Very high body temperature • Rapid heart rate |
Heat exhaustion | • Fatigue • Irritability • Thirst • Nausea or vomiting • Dizziness or lightheadedness • Heavy sweating •Elevated body temperature or fast heart rate |
Heat rash | • Clusters of red bumps on skin, which often appear on neck, upper chest, and skin folds |
Rhabdomyolysis (muscle breakdown) | • Muscle pain • Dark urine or or reduced urine output • Weakness |
Treating heat illness
If you or someone you know is experiencing the early symptoms of a heat-related illness, immediately stop all activity, move to a cooler place to rest and sip water or an electrolyte replenishing sports drink. For individuals experiencing heat exhaustion, loosen any clothing items, place cool, wet cloths on the body or take a cool bath. Visit one of Mercy’s eight locations if you are in need hydration via intravenous fluids.
If the individual begins to vomit, has a history of heart problems or experiences worsening or prolonged symptoms, seek medical help right away.
For severe symptoms that may indicate heat stroke — such as fainting, high fever, confusion, dry skin and a fast, strong pulse — call 911 right away. Heat stroke is a medical emergency, and can be fatal without medical intervention. While waiting for medical professionals, move the individual to a cooler place, remove excess clothing and help lower the body temperature by whatever means available, concentrating ice packs or cool, wet cloths around the neck, armpits and groin. If the person is not alert or is vomiting, do not give him or her anything to drink.